芭芭拉·梅森獨幅版畫技巧

芭芭拉·梅森不僅與她的Solarplate技術知識的專家，她是一個熱心，給老師的分享她的知識無條件.....丹WELDENSOLARPLATE是用藝術家誰畫的鋼背聚合物印版，油漆，做標記或使用攝影。 The process was developed in 1970-71 by DanWelden, Master Printmaker and pioneer of 'safer' printmakingtechniques, after which he co-authored “Printmaking in the Sun”with Australian artist PaulineMuir.這個過程是在1970-71開發的丹WELDEN，版畫家大師和“更安全”版畫技術的先驅，之後他與人合著“版畫在陽光下”與澳大利亞藝術家保羅繆爾。

Originally I wanted to use this process to do 4color editions of viscosity monotypes, since the color is stable,unlike color change with metalplates.本來我想用這個程式做粘度單版畫的4色版本，因為顏色是穩定的，不像變色金屬板。Ofcourse, Solarplate generated it's own excitement and the processtook on its own life.當然，Solarplate產生它自己的興奮和過程上了自己的生命。I wenton to make hundreds of Solarplates and began sharing and teachingothers.我還做出了數百Solarplates，並開始分享和教導別人。 It soon became obvious that Solarplate was easierand more consistent to use than other types of polymer printingprocesses.它很快變得明顯，Solarplate更容易和更一致的使用比其它型別的聚合物印刷工藝。

There are four things that make thisprocess work:有四件事情，使這個過程中的工作：

An opaque image on a transparentfilm 在透明薄膜上的不透明影象

Contact between the image and theplate 的影象和所述板之間的接觸

Exposure to UV light暴露於UV光

Water wash水洗

There isno need for the toxic grounds, solvents and acids like those usedwith traditional etchingtechniques.沒有必要為有毒的理由，溶劑和酸，如那些用傳統的蝕刻工藝中使用。

任何你可以施樂，繪製或列印到清晰的聚酯薄膜或醋酸可以接觸到Solarplate。 Xeroxes onto Mylar or acetate workwell.靜電覆印機到聚酯薄膜或醋酸工作做好。 Film Positives out-put from a camera onto filmare good.電影正片出，把從攝像頭到膠片上是好的。

Digitalphotographs printed through your computer onto transparent film canhave excellent results.通過您的計算機上的透明薄膜印刷的數碼照片可以有很好的效果。They areall however, reliant on the quality of yourprinter.他們都是然而，依賴於你的印表機的質量。 Many artists experiment and explore possibilitieswith two transparencies sandwichedtogether.許多藝術家實驗和探索各種可能性，有兩個透明膠片夾在一起。 India ink, oil pastels, oil bars, china markers,etching ink and many marking pens work well and can draw well onMylar oracetate.墨汁，油畫棒，油棒，中國標記，蝕刻油墨等眾多記號筆運作良好，可以在聚酯薄膜或醋酸畫好。Manymarkers also work well by drawing directly on theSolarplate.許多指標還直接在Solarplate繪製工作。 Caution: do not use water soluble markingmaterials directly on theSolarplate.注意：不要使用水溶性直接在Solarplate標記材料。

You canexpose many translucent materials as well as varied objects andobtain excellentresults;您可以暴露很多半透明材料，以及不同的物件，並取得了優異的成績; you need to shorten your exposure time if theimage is delicate.你需要縮短曝光時間，如果影象細膩。 This is backwards thinking but veryimportant.這是倒退，但思維非常重要。 The less time you expose, the darker the imagewill be.你暴露的時間越少，越暗的影象會。 The longer you expose, the lighter it willbe.時間越長你暴露，較輕便。

Thesedrawings are done using china marker, oil bar (the rust color), oilpastel (the purple color) and black etchingink.這些圖紙是用中國的標記，油欄（鐵鏽色），油畫棒（紫色色）和黑色蝕刻油墨進行。Thecolor it only for demonstration to tell the mediums apart, as theopacity of the drawing media is the critical thing, so any colorwill probablywork.它的顏色僅用於演示告訴媒體分開，作為繪圖媒體的不透明度是關鍵的東西，所以任何顏色可能會工作。

一旦圖紙是讓您滿意，用嬰兒粉“幹”的墨水和蠟筆，灑得滿的聚酯薄膜，用軟布或紙巾再擦它關閉平緩。 At this point you can hold the drawing up fromthe back to see how it will look whenprinted.在這一點上，你可以按住圖形從後面看到它就會打印出來的效果。

IMPORTANT be sure there are no lumps or ridges onyour original that will keep you from getting good contact betweenthe plate and theacetate.重要是確保有您的原始無結塊或脊，將讓你獲得的板和醋酸之間的良好接觸。

獲得Solarplates大小合適，最簡單的方法就是訂購你需要的大小。 A big paper cutter will work for cutting customsize plates, but you need to hold it very securely and pull the armtoward the plate as youcut.一個大裁紙刀將工作切割自定義尺寸平板，但你需要保持它非常安全，拉臂朝板作為你砍。Use veryfirm, consistent pressure.使用非常堅定的，一貫的壓力。 It takes a bit of practice.這需要一些練習。Neverput your hands or fingers directly on the plate, since it will maror leave fingerprints.切勿將手或手指直接在平板上，因為它會擦傷或留下指紋。Useprotective covering and take safetyprecautions.使用防護罩，並採取安全防護措施。 The part that is cut off will have a lip that isbent up, I immediately cut this off because if one forgets to doso, it will not give you good contact when you areexposing.被切斷的部分將被彎曲了的嘴脣，我馬上砍下這個，因為如果一個人忘記這樣做，它不會給你很好的接觸，當你暴露。In a normal room with fluorescent lighting youhave about 20 minutes before the plate starts to expose, if thereis any sun coming though windows, cover the plate with blackplastic as soon aspossible.在一個正常的房間，熒光燈照明你有20分鐘左右的板才開始暴露，如果有任何太陽來，雖然窗戶，儘快覆蓋板與黑色塑料。

由於Solarplates暴露在紫外線照射下，可以使用太陽。 Since I live in Oregon where daily sun is iffy, Iuse the Solarplate Exposure unit availablethrough which is the least expensive manufacturedunit available and made specifically for theprocess.由於我住在俄勒岡州每天太陽玄乎，我使用可用的Solarplate曝光單元通過這是可以最便宜的製造單元和專為工藝製成。It ispretty heavy with the box, but this extra weight gives you bettercontact.這是很沉重的箱子，但是這額外的重量讓你更好的接觸。 You need at least ¼ inch plate glass, do not usewindow or picture glass unless you test itfirst.你需要至少6.3英寸的平板玻璃，不使用視窗或圖片玻璃除非你​​先測試它。

大多數叢-GLAS有紫外線抑制劑，並且將無法正常工作。

你應該打好板的一面朝上放在薄泡沫或乾淨的感覺坐墊。 Next,place the artwork transparency face down on theplate.下一步，將藝術品透明度面朝下放在盤子裡。 Add thepiece of glass on top, creating asandwich.新增一塊玻璃之上，創造了一個三明治。

最後，放置在曝光裝置上的玻璃的頂部。Theglass must be larger than the exposure unit or you will not havegood contact.玻璃必須比曝光單元較大或你不會有良好的接觸。 Iusually expose the plate for about 90 seconds, however this mayvary with theartwork.我通常暴露板約90秒，但是這可能與藝術作品有所不同。
PROCESSING凹版影象

To makean intaglio plate you need to use a two stepprocess.若要使凹版你需要使用一個兩步的過程。 In order to keep the blacks, one must use arandom pattern aquatint screen (stochasticscreen).為了保持黑人，必須使用隨機圖案飛塵螢幕（隨機螢幕）。 This should be done prior to exposing the artworkand is ALWAYS 90 SECONDS with the exposurebox.這應該是露出了藝術品之前完成，並且總是90秒的曝光框。 The second exposure to make an intaglio plate isdone by laying your image face down, or emulsion side down on theplate and exposing it a secondtime.第二個風險作出凹版是通過鋪設影象面朝下，或乳劑面朝下放在盤和揭露它第二次完成。Usecareful handling with the screen since dents can create poorcontact and unwanted blemishes in theplate.使用小心處理與螢幕，因為凹痕可以在板建立接觸不良和不必要的汙點。

You areburning out the whites, eliminating any possible tone from theunwanted areas and at the same time, the blacks and greys areunaffected.你燒出的白色，從消除不想要的區域的任何可能的基調，並在同一時間內，黑色和灰色不受影響。Do notlook at the light.別看輕。 UV light is dangerous and damaging to yourvision.紫外線是危險的，損害您的視力。

Theremay be some trial and error when you first learn to do thisprocess.可能有一些試驗和錯誤，當你第一次學會做這個過程。 I recommend using very small pieces of scrapplates to figure out the exposure times…it will save your sanityand yourmoney.我建議使用非常小的碎片廢鋼板弄清楚的曝光時間......這會節省你的理智和你的錢。

Thisprocess can be done in the sun aswell.這個過程可以在陽光下進行為好。 To use the sun you need to work in the middle ofthe day and make test plates to figure out the exposuretimes.要使用你需要在一天中工作，使試板要弄清楚的曝光時間在陽光下。 Clamping the glass to a board with quick releaseclamps available at lumber yards workswell.夾緊玻璃的板可在木材碼快速釋放底座效果很好。 I recommend you have really good opaque positiveimages for working in the sun as these give you more leeway onexposuretimes.我建議你​​有很好的不透明的正面形象在陽光下工作，因為這些給你的曝光時間更多的迴旋餘地。Be sureit is not raining, you cannot get these plates wet beforedeveloping.要確保它不下雨，你不能得到發展之前，這些板塊溼。 Also be careful not to touch them with yourhands, hold them by the edges or you might find a surprisefingerprint in yourwork.另外要注意不要用手觸控它們，由邊緣追究他們，或者您可能會發現一個奇怪的指紋在你的工作。

Washout or Development : Oncethe plate is properly exposed, you put it in a shallow tray and useabout a cup of water. 沖洗或發展：一旦板正確曝光，你把它放在一個淺盤，並使用約一杯水。 This is preferred rather than wasting runningwater or filling a bath and having it slosh allover.這是首選，而不是浪費自來水或填充洗澡，並具有一切都結束吧晃動。 I use a soft brush, equivalent to a 'body brush'to scrub out image.我使用軟刷，等同於'體刷'擦洗了形象。 I wash my plates out for about 45-60 secondsdepending on size.我洗我的板出約45-60秒，這取決於大小。 This process turns the water pink so weargloves.這個過程變成了水粉色所以戴上手套。 We do not think it is dangerous, but be safe, notsorry.我們不認為這是危險的，但安全起見，不後悔。 Always wash your hands when finished andespecially before eating.完成後一定要洗手，特別是進食前。Whenworking with children, I encourage them to use protective eyegear… sometimes are closer to the washout areas and splashingmayoccur.當與兒童工作，我鼓勵他們使用保護眼睛的裝備....他們有時更接近沖刷的地區，可能會發生飛濺。Afterthe plate is washed out, blot it dry with phone book pages leavingno water on the surface of theplate.後板衝了出去，吸乾水分與電話簿的頁面不留水板的表面上。 Use separate pages each time and dispose of eachsheet after use.使用單獨的頁面，每次使用後丟棄的每個表。 Do not reuse.請勿重複使用。 Post expose (put back into the exposure box) forabout 5 minutes orlonger.交的暴露（放回曝光框）約5分鐘或更長的時間。
處理凸版

Therelief plate is generally exposed one time, without the acquatintscreen.在凸版，一般須承受一次，沒有acquatint螢幕。 The ideal artwork for relief should be totallyopaque, no greys.理想的藝術品減免應該是完全不透明的，沒有灰色。 With a good opaque image or opaque objects, itmakes little difference with the length of exposuretime.具有良好的透光影象或不透明的物體，這是毫無差別隨著曝光時間的長短。 For best results, wash completely down to themetal, which takes about 5 minutes orlonger.為了達到最佳效果，徹底洗下來的金屬，大約需要5分鐘或更長的時間。 If residue remains, you may have your paperstick.如果殘留物仍然存在，你可能有你的紙棒。

Blotimmediately since the wet plates are soft and parts of the imagecan be lost.立即吸乾由於溼板是柔軟和影象的某些部分可能會丟失。

Postexpose immediately for about 10 minutes orlonger.帖子立刻暴露約10分鐘或更長的時間。

You maywish to file the corners slightly to prevent Tarlatan fromsnagging.你不妨稍微檔案的角落，以防止Tarlatan從抽絲。

INKS油墨

Thereare a huge variety of inks that work for both relief and intaglioprinting.有一個巨大的品種，為救災和凹版印刷油墨工作的。

The maincategories are OIL or WATER BASED.主要類別有油或水基。This isa matter of preference to the individual, since both haveinherently good qualities.這是優先於個人的事，因為兩者有內在的優秀品質。Its goodto compare your results.其良好的比較結果。

Thereare, however, different types of oil based inks, based upon theiruse.有，但是，不同型別的油基油墨，根據其用途。 Intaglio printing requires something that is easyto remove and yet clings to the furrows of the plate, whereasrelief and lithographic inks have more tack and remain on thesurfacebetter.凹版印刷需要的東西，很容易去除，但攀附板的犁溝，而救濟以及平版印刷油墨有更多的粘性和保持在水面上更好。

Using Akua Intaglio ink to print yourplates : 秉公用凹版油墨來列印你的板：

Akua isthe newly formulated water based brand of ink that works verywell.阿庫阿是新制定的水性品牌的墨水，工作得非常好。

Squeegeethe ink onto the plate and remove as much aspossible.刮墨刀的油墨施加到所述板併除去儘可能多。 Using a soft tarletan, wipe the plate in acircular fashion.用軟tarletan，擦板迴圈方式。 Finallly polish the plate with phone book pagesor a soft rag. Finallly拋光板電話簿頁面或柔軟的抹布。 Using the flat of your hand with a rubber glovewill help keep the paper from sliding and make it easier towipe.用你的手的平帶橡膠手套將有助於保持紙張滑動，使其更易於擦拭。 The plates will need very little wiping with softtarletan, about 1/3 the time a metal plate would take towipe.所述板將需要與軟tarletan，約1/3時的金屬板將採取擦拭很少擦拭。Thishoney and soy-based ink will print on dry Arches 88 paper so it isan ideal ink forteaching.這種蜂蜜和大豆為基礎的油墨列印在乾燥的拱門88紙所以它是教學的理想油墨。It driesby absorption into the paper and stays wet on your ink slab fordays and days.它乾燥吸收進紙，並保持溼潤你的硯為天，天。 It is water based and is easier to clean up withdetergent.它是基於水的，更容易清理用洗滌劑。 Any ink left on the slab can be scraped up andretuned to the can so there is little if anywaste.留在板坯任何油墨可刮下並重新調諧到罐所以很少如果任何浪費。 Slightly damp paper will give a softer imagewheras the dry paper gives you a crisperresult.所見的那個幹紙給你一個更清晰的結果略微潮溼的紙張會給出一個更柔和的影象。You canadd magnesium carbonate to this ink to stiffenit.您可以新增碳酸鎂這種油墨變硬了。 Do not use water to modify theink.不要用水來修改墨水。 Thereare modifiers also, including is a transparent base, oil converterand blending medium.有修改器也包括一個透明的底座，油器和混合介質。The inksare heavily pigmented and you may wish to add transparent mediumfor a greater tonalrange.該油墨為深色，你可能希望新增透明介質更大的色調範圍。

Using oil based ink to print yourplates 使用油性墨水列印版

I likeGraphic Chemical 514 bone black as it is a very soft and creamyink.我喜歡的圖形化工514骨黑，因為它是一個非常柔軟，滑膩的油墨。

Squeegeeoil based etching ink onto the plate using a plasticsqueegee.膠刮油基油墨蝕刻到用塑料刮刀板。 Remove the excess with soft tarletan and cleanthe surface with phone bookpages.軟tarletan去除多餘的和清潔的表面電話簿頁面。 Clean the edges of the plate using a lint freecloth such as an old t-shirt.使用清潔無塵布如舊T恤的板的邊緣。Theedges of these plates are thin and sharp, if you use paper towelsyou can easily cutyourself.這些板塊的邊緣薄而鋒利，如果你用紙巾就可以輕鬆割傷自己。

I useoil based ink to wipe my plates and roll a background color of AkuaIntaglio over the plate.我用油性油墨給我擦板和滾阿庫阿凹版印刷的背景顏色在板上。Becauseoil and water do not mix, the background only drops in where thereis no oil based ink and the oil based ink does not usually offsetto the roller.因為油和水不能混合，背景只滴在那裡沒有油基油墨，油基油墨通常不會偏移到輥。Thissaves a lot of roller clean up whileprinting.這節省了很多輥的清理，同時列印。

I use astandard etching press to print the intaglio plates, using lots ofpressure and the three standard blankets, the sizing catcher, thecushion and the pusher ontop.我使用的是標準的蝕刻按列印凹版板，使用大量的壓力和三個標準毯子，施膠捕手，緩衝和在頂部的推杆。If youdo not get a good impression, increase thepressure.如果你沒有得到一個良好的印象，增加了壓力。 If it is still not good, you might haveover-wiped the plate as this is easy to do when you start usingSolarplates.如果仍然不好，你可能有過抹板，因為這是很容易做到，當你開始使用Solarplates。Iusually use damp BFK printmaking paper, but any dampenedprint-making paper willwork.我通常用溼布BFK版畫紙，但任何挫傷印刷造紙會的工作。

Clean Up …清理 ...

a veryimportant job that is now totally nontoxic一個很重要的工作，現在是完全無毒

Thetruth is that oil based inks can be cleaned up with water andoil.事實是，油基油墨可以清理與水和油。 We use salad oil or baby oil in the studio andhave a totally non toxicstudio.我們用色拉油或嬰兒油在工作室，並擁有完全無毒工作室。 No solvents are used except rubbingalcohol.無溶劑，除了用酒精擦。 This takes a bit more elbow grease than solvents,but saving your body and the environment are probably worthit.這需要多一點苦勞比溶劑，但節省了你的身體和環境都可能是值得的。 Scrub the plate with a soft brush or a plasticvegetable brush.用軟毛刷或塑料蔬菜刷擦洗板。 A shoe shine brush isideal.一個擦鞋刷是理想的。 You can also use a dish detergent or somehousehold cleaners to finalize yourcleaning.您還可以使用洗碗精或某些家用清潔劑來完成您的清潔。 Once clean, blot thoroughly and/or let it airdry.一旦乾淨，吸乾徹底和/或讓它自然風乾。 If you need to degrease the plate, use rubbingalcohol.如果您需要脫脂板，用酒精擦。 Store with a layer of baby oil or a petroleumproduct, such as vaselene covering both front andrear.儲存有一層嬰兒油或石油產品，如vaselene覆蓋正面和背面。 Put it in a plastic baggie or loose leaffolder.把它放在一個塑料旅行箱或活頁夾。 You may wish to write on the back, any pertinentinformation such as your exposure times…..I don't always rememberwhat I do down theroad.您可能希望在後面寫，任何相關的資訊，例如您的曝光時間.....我並不總是記得我做下來的道路。

A friendonce told me that as artists, we define our reality with ourwork.一個朋友曾經告訴我，作為藝術家，我們定義我們的現實與我們的工作。 I think to a degree this is true, that we are allsearching for some inner visual truth that we can portray toothers.我覺得在一定程度上這是真的，我們都在尋找某種內在的視覺真相，我們可以描繪給別人。Art isan act of making the invisible visible, bringing a hidden dimensionto human awareness.藝術是使無形可見，帶來隱藏的維度對人類意識的行為。The word“abstract” means to separate or withdraw something from somethingelse.單詞“抽象”是指從別的東西分開或撤銷的東西。 Or to refine something large into somethingsmaller and concisely informative, to pull the essence into somepersonalinterpretation.或大的東西提煉成更小的東西和簡潔翔實，拉精髓融入一些個人的解釋。Asartists we do interpret and sometimes we can even make others seewhat we see.作為藝術家，我們都理解，有時我們甚至可以讓別人看到我們所看到的。

Let meknow if you have problems and I will help you throughthem.讓我知道，如果你有問題，我會幫助你通過他們。 - Barbara - 芭芭拉

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夢想與現實之間的磨合讓我讀懂很多生活的語言，風雖改變了方向，卻沒有改變我的行程-----

來源網址：_感謝獨茂蘭石授權轉載，再轉請保留本資訊。